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Duke of York and Albany

Dukedom of York and Albany
Creation date	29 June 1716
Created by	George I
Peerage	Peerage of Great Britain
First holder	Ernest Augustus, Duke of York and Albany
Last holder	Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
Subsidiary titles	Earl of Ulster
Status	Extinct
Extinction date	5 January 1827

Duke of York and Albany was a title of nobility in the Peerage of Great Britain. The title was created three times during the 18th century and was usually given to the second son of British monarchs. The predecessor titles in the English and Scottish peerages were Duke of York and Duke of Albany.

History

The individual dukedoms of York and of Albany had previously each been created several times in the Peerages of England and Scotland respectively. Each had become a traditional title for the second son of the monarch and had become united (but separately awarded) in the House of Stuart.

During the 18th century, the double dukedom of York and Albany was created three times in the Peerage of Great Britain. The title was first held by Duke Ernest Augustus of Brunswick-Lüneburg, Bishop of Osnabrück, the youngest brother of King George I. He died without issue.

The second creation of the Dukedom of York and Albany was for Prince Edward, younger brother of King George III. He also died without issue, having never married. The third and last creation of the Dukedom of York and Albany was for Prince Frederick Augustus, the second son of King George III. He served as Commander-in-Chief of the British Army for many years, and he was the original "grand old Duke of York" in the popular rhyme. He died without legitimate issues.

Each time the Dukedom of York and Albany was created, it had only one occupant, with that person dying without legitimate issue.

Queen Victoria granted the title Duke of Albany (single geographic designation) in 1881 to her fourth son, Prince Leopold, and the title Duke of York (single geographic designation) in 1892 to her eldest grandson (second but by then only living) Prince George.

List of Duke of York and Albany

First creation (1716–1728)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
Prince Ernest Augustus House of Hanover 1716–1728 also Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück (1715), Earl of Ulster (1716)		7 September 1674 Osnabrück son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover and Princess Sophia of the Palatinate	Never Married	14 August 1728 Osnabrück aged 53	The son of Ernest Augustus, Elector of Hanover; younger brother of George I
Prince Ernest died without issue; and all his titles became extinct on his death.

Second creation (1760–1767)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
Prince Edward House of Hanover 1760–1767 also Earl of Ulster (1760)		25 March 1739 Norfolk House son of Frederick, Prince of Wales and Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg	Never Married	17 September 1767 Prince's Palace of Monaco aged 28	The second son of Frederick, Prince of Wales; younger brother of George III
Prince Edward died without issue; and all his titles became extinct on his death.

Third creation (1784–1827)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
The Prince Frederick House of Hanover 1784–1827 also Prince-Bishopric of Osnabrück (1764-1803), Earl of Ulster (1784)		25 March 1739 St James's Palace son of George III and Charlotte of Mecklenburg-Strelitz	Princess Frederica Charlotte of Prussia 29 September 1791 No children	5 January 1827 Rutland House aged 63	The second son of George III
Prince Frederick died without legitimate issue, having separated from his only wife Princess Frederica Charlotte, but was rumoured to have fathered several illegitimate children; and all his titles became extinct on his death.

Duke of York

List of Duke of York

Third creation (1494–1509)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
Henry Tudor House of Tudor 1494–1509 also Prince of Wales (1504), Duke of Cornwall (1502)		28 June 1491 Greenwich Palace son of Henry VII and Elizabeth of York	(1) Catherine of Aragon 11 June 1509 – 23 May 1533 (Annulment) 2 children (2) Anne Boleyn 25 January 1533 – 17 May 1536 (Annulment) 1 daughter (3) Jane Seymour 30 May 1536 1 son (4) Anne of Cleves 6 January 1540 – 9 July 1540 (Annulment) no children (5) Catherine Howard 28 July 1540 – 23 November 1541 (stripped) no children (6) Catherine Parr 12 July 1543 no children	28 January 1547 Palace of Whitehall aged 55	The second son of Henry VII
Henry succeeded as Henry VIII in 1509 upon his father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown.

Fourth creation (1605–1625)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
Charles Stuart House of Stuart 1605–1625 also Duke of Albany etc. (1600), Prince of Wales (1616), Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay etc. (1612)		19 November 1600 Dunfermline Palace son of James VI and I and Anne of Denmark	Henrietta Maria of France 13 June 1625 9 children	30 January 1649 Palace of Whitehall aged 48	The second son of James VI and I
Charles succeeded as Charles I in 1625 upon his father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown.

Fifth creation (1644–1685)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
James Stuart House of Stuart 1644–1685, Styled in 1633 also Duke of Albany (1660), Duke of Normandy (1660), Earl of Ulster (1660)		14 October 1633 St. James's Palace son of Charles I and Henrietta Maria of France	(1) Anne Hyde 3 September 1660 8 children (2) Mary of Modena 21 November 1673 7 children	16 September 1701 Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye aged 67	The second son of Charles I
James succeeded as James II in 1685 upon his brother's death and the title of duke merged with the crown.

Sixth creation (1892–1910)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
Prince George House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha 1892–1910 also Earl of Inverness and Baron Killarney (1892), Prince of Wales, Duke of Cornwall and Duke of Rothesay etc. (1901)		3 June 1865 Marlborough House son of Edward VII and Alexandra of Denmark	Mary of Teck 6 July 1893 6 children	20 January 1936 Sandringham House aged 70	The grandson of Queen Victoria; son of Edward VII (then Albert Edward, Prince of Wales)
George succeeded as George V in 1910 upon his father's death and the title of duke merged with the crown.

Seventh creation (1892–1910)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
The Prince Albert House of Windsor 1920–1936 also Earl of Inverness and Baron Killarney (1920)		14 December 1895 York Cottage son of George V and Mary of Teck	Elizabeth Bowes-Lyon 26 April 1923 2 daughters	6 February 1952 Sandringham House aged 56	The second son of George V
Albert succeeded as George VI in 1936 upon his brother's abdication and the title of duke merged with the crown. As Albert had no male issue, the title would have gone extinct in any case, even if he had not become king.

Eighth creation (1986–present)

Duke	Portrait	Birth	Marriage(s)	Death	Sucession	Arms
The Prince Andrew House of Windsor 1986–present also Earl of Inverness and Baron Killyleagh (1986)		19 February 1960 Buckingham Palace son of Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh and Elizabeth II	Sarah, Duchess of York 23 July 1986 – 30 May 1996 (Divorce) 2 daughters	Living now 65 years, 49 days old	The second son of Elizabeth II
Prince Andrew has no male heirs as of 2024 and all his titles will become extinct on his death.